新冠肺炎疫情下高校信息化服务工作的探索与实践——以吉林化工学院为例

高校的信息化建设已经成为衡量学校办学水平的一项重要标准,也是高校服务工作重点建设部分.同时,加强信息化建设,有利于推动学校发展,提升高校的办公条件,促进学校教学工作的改进与延伸.本文是吉林化工学院在新冠肺炎情况下,对学校信息化服务工作进行的一系列应对探索与实践工作,介绍如何开展全校在线办公、线上教学.也对在爆发传染性突发公共卫生事件后,如何有效的开展各项工作,提供了一定的参考示范。     

Social context cognition crowd‐sourcing and semi‐automatic parametrization

This paper presents a semi‐automatic method of parameterizing an existing social context cognition model. It discusses benefits of the social context cognition models for example in personality modeling and their key issue that is parametrization. It briefly introduces social context cognition model and describes a new method of its crowd‐sourcing‐based parametrization. Later, validation is provided, and ability to recreate social context cognition in the provided samples is presented with good generalization for the unknown cases. Finally, model's stability for the continuous stream of dynamic social context input data is shown. Presented system contributes to the believable agent modeling and social simulations by making much needed applications of social context cognition models easier by addressing the so far unsolved troublesome parametrization issues. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高职《汽车美容服务》工学结合项目的研究与实践

随着高职院校的工学结合人才培养改革的不断深入,校企之间如何建立相对稳定的、有效的合作关系,实现“工”、“学”真正结合是当前高职院校面临的一个问题,本文通过工学结合实践项目《汽车美容服务》的实施,提出四双五合工学结合模式,在这种新型工学结合实践模式下,实现高职教学与实践紧密接触,实质性地推进专业人才培养模式改革、课程体系重构。     

不同尺度弱势群体对公园绿地潜在供给 与实际游憩服务获得的响应差异及其影响 因素

社会分层和空间异质性加剧使得弱势群体获得公园 游憩服务的公平性问题日益凸显,探究弱势群体的公园绿地潜 在供给和实际游憩服务获得的差异仍是一项重要任务。选择中 国武汉市24个具有明显社会层级和空间异质性的小区,从居住 区和个人2个尺度研究了不同弱势群体获得公园绿地潜在供给 和实际服务的公平性差异,并分析了2个尺度中弱势因素对获 得游憩服务的交互影响,以及影响游憩服务获得的主要因素。 结果显示,老旧小区的公园绿地潜在供给以及实际游憩服务与 新小区没有显著差异,但生理弱势是影响居民获得游憩服务差 异的主要因子,而不同尺度的非生理弱势因素交互则会明显削 弱居民可获得的单次游憩服务量。此外,居住区尺度小区周边 设施对居民可获得的公园游憩服务的影响大于小区内部条件和 居民个人社会经济特征。研究结果明确了城市建成环境对不同 弱势群体获得公园游憩服务的公平性影响差异,对快速城市化 地区弱势群体公平获得公园游憩服务的改善具有重要帮助     

Building urban resilience with nature-based solutions: How can urban planning contribute?

Cities face increasing environmental, social and economic challenges that together threaten the resilience of urban areas and the residents who live and work there. These challenges include chronic stresses and acute shocks, amplified by climate change impacts. Nature-based solutions have emerged as a concept for integrating ecosystem-based approaches to address a range of societal challenges. Nature-based solutions directly address and contribute to increased urban resilience. However, implementing nature-based solutions is inherently complex, given the range of ecosystem services, their multi-functionality and the trade-offs between functions, and across temporal and spatial scales. Urban planning can play a substantial role to support the implementation of nature-based solutions and to manage trade-offs and conflicts, as well as how social equity dimensions are considered. This paper presents a framework that guides the application of urban planning to nature-based solutions’ implementation, by addressing key trade-offs across temporal, spatial, functional and social equity aspects. The framework highlights the key questions, and the supporting information required to address these questions, to underpin the inclusion of nature-based solutions for urban resilience. We find that while urban planning can contribute substantially, there are continuing gaps in how the inherently anthropocentric urban planning processes can give voice to non-human nature.     

城市滨水空间生态系统服务供需匹配的空间智慧

当前生态系统服务空间性研究大多在区域或城市尺度上开展,风景园林生态实践的指导性较为有限,研究聚焦场地尺度,旨在从生态系统服务供需视角看待城市滨水空间的发展与规划设计实践。在已有生态系统服务供需方面文献爬梳的基础上,提出影响需求的三大因素及其需求类型的划分方法,甄别影响城市滨水空间生态系统服务供给能力的核心指标,选取上海苏州河市区段进行实证研究,采取田野调查法、文献研究法,并基于GIS进行需求目标与供给能力的空间制图。通过拟合分析比对创新性地提出指导城市滨水空间生态实践的三大空间智慧:1)基于需求目标研判制定发展策略的空间智慧;2)分段分类型供给满足存量更新需求的空间智慧;3)生态系统服务供需平衡转向匹配的空间智慧,为城市滨水空间的生态实践提出理论依据、评价标准及技术支撑。     

近 20 年国外系统保护规划研究进展及启示

运用系统保护规划（SCP）的方法建立保护地（protected area）对生物多样性资源及其所提供的生态系统服务价值具有重要保护作用。笔者归纳总结了自 19 世纪 80 年代以来系统保护规划思想产生和发展的历程,随后基于近 20 年来系统保护规划相关文献,梳理得到现阶段影响保护规划最为核心的两大背景—气候变化及生态系统服务,此背景对系统保护规划六步法关键步骤的研究动态产生深刻影响,并推动了新的研究进展的产生,其中涵盖了规划理念更新、保护目标多元化、数据及模型算法拓展、管理框架变更。笔者结合中国的自然保护地规划背景和相关实践,从关键内容、监测评估、实施管理 3 个方面提出未来的研究方向,以期通过借鉴国际上保护规划的方法、工具、经验对完善中国的保护地体系构建的实践提供参考。     

绿色暴露作为促进健康服务的评估指标与机制研究综述

绿色暴露与健康服务联系紧密,是促进健康服务的重要一环。基于Web of Science和中国知网数据库,对现有研究成果进行了总结,以健康服务中环境服务与个体健康为研究重点,总结绿色暴露相关指标,研究其促进健康服务的机制,讨论绿色暴露影响健康服务的现实指导意义。不仅总结了绿色暴露促进健康服务的静态指标,还关注了绿色暴露的动态指标,更精细化地反映人在一定时间内绿色暴露状态的动态变化,更充分地表达绿色暴露与人的密切关系。     

Intelligent services for Big Data science

Cities are areas where Big Data is having a real impact. Town planners and administration bodies just need the right tools at their fingertips to consume all the data points that a town or city generates and then be able to turn that into actions that improve peoples’ lives. In this case, Big Data is definitely a phenomenon that has a direct impact on the quality of life for those of us that choose to live in a town or city. Smart Cities of tomorrow will rely not only on sensors within the city infrastructure, but also on a large number of devices that will willingly sense and integrate their data into technological platforms used for introspection into the habits and situations of individuals and city-large communities. Predictions say that cities will generate over 4.1 terabytes per day per square kilometer of urbanized land area by 2016. Handling efficiently such amounts of data is already a challenge. In this paper we present our solutions designed to support next-generation Big Data applications. We first present CAPIM, a platform designed to automate the process of collecting and aggregating context information on a large scale. It integrates services designed to collect context data (location, user’s profile and characteristics, as well as the environment). Later on, we present a concrete implementation of an Intelligent Transportation System designed on top of CAPIM. The application is designed to assist users and city officials better understand traffic problems in large cities. Finally, we present a solution to handle efficient storage of context data on a large scale. The combination of these services provides support for intelligent Smart City applications, for actively and autonomously adaptation and smart provision of services and content, using the advantages of contextual information.     

The influence of process-oriented organisational design on operational performance and innovation: a quantitative analysis in the financial services industry

Market competition requires that organisations excel at both operational performance and innovation. Though process orientation is intended to benefit operations in general, the impact of specific elements remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to identify the specific organisational design components of process orientation that simultaneously influence operational performance and innovation. We survey employees in the financial services sector (N = 1069) regarding the influence of six process-oriented organisation design components on operational performance and innovation using PLS-SEM. The results indicate that organisational structure and process improvement encourage both operational performance and innovation. Personal autonomy is partially beneficial, while the others have no joint influence on operational performance and innovation. This study is first in providing evidence regarding the influence of a broad variety of organisational design components of process orientation on operational performance and innovation. The study contributes to theory on how process orientation improves operational performance and innovation. The findings can serve as a guideline for managers and organisations as to which organisational design components should be implemented to improve operations.